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2008 Space Launch Report Updated January 9, 2009 2008 Launch Vehicle Standings |
2008 LAUNCH STATS
========================================================
SPACE LAUNCH REPORT
2008 LAUNCH VEHICLE/SITE STATISTICS
========================================================
by Ed Kyle as of December 25 2008
========================================================
YEAR TO DATE LAUNCH VEHICLE SUMMARY
Calendar year launch vehicle results, ranked by number
of successes, with launch total as the first tiebreaker
and vehicle payload mass as the second tiebreaker.
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) missions have orbital periods
less than 2 hours. Deep Space missions include
heliocentric, planetocentric, and solar system escape
trajectories.
=========================================================
Vehicle Overall By Orbit Type
Launches Earth-Orbit Earth-Escape
(Failures) LEO >LEO Deep Space
=========================================================
Chang Zheng 11(0) 7(0) 4(0) -
R-7 10(0) 8(0) 2(0) -
Proton 10(1) - 10(1) -
Ariane 5 6(0) 1(0) 5(0) -
Zenit 6(1) - 6(1) -
Delta 2 5(0) 4(0) 1(0) -
STS 4(0) 4(0) - -
PSLV 3(0) 2(0) 1(0) -
Kosmos 3M 3(0) 3(0) - -
Atlas 5 2(0) - 2(0) -
Dnepr 2(0) 2(0) - -
Pegasus XL 2(0) 2(0) - -
Falcon 1 2(1) 2(1) - -
H-2A 1(0) - 1(0) -
Rokot/Briz KM 1(0) 1(0) - -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Total 68(3) 36(1) 32(2) -
* Denotes YTD Leader in Category
Ariane 5 Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Ariane 5ECA 5(0) - 5(0) -
Ariane 5GS
Ariane 5ES 1(0) 1(0) - -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Atlas 5 Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Atlas 5-401
Atlas 5-411 1(0) - 1(0) -
Atlas 5-421 1(0) - 1(0) -
----------------------------------------------------------------
Chang Zheng (Long March) Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
CZ-2C 1(0) 1(0) - -
CZ-2D 2(0) 2(0) - -
CZ-2F (M) 1(0) 1(0) - -
CZ-3A 1(0) - 1(0) -
CZ-3B 2(0) - 2(0) -
CZ-3C 1(0) - 1(0) -
CZ-4B 2(0) 2(0) - -
CZ-4C 1(0) 1(0) - -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Delta 2 Details
------------------------------------------------------------------
Delta 2-7320 1(0) 1(0) - -
Delta 2-7420 2(0) 2(0) - -
Delta 2-7925 1(0) - 1(0) -
Delta 2-7920H 1(0) 1(0) - -
----------------------------------------------------------------
Delta 4 Details
---------------------------------------------------------------
Delta 4M - - - -
Delta 4M+4,2 - - - -
Delta 4H
---------------------------------------------------------------
H-2A Details
---------------------------------------------------------------
H-2A/2022
H-2A/2024 1(0) - 1(0) -
H-2A/202 - - - -
H-2A/204
---------------------------------------------------------------
Proton Details
----------------------------------------------------------------
Proton-K/DM-2 1(0) - 1(0) -
Proton-M/Briz-M 7(1) - 7(1) -
Proton-M/DM-2 2(0) - 2(0) -
----------------------------------------------------------------
PSLV Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PSLV-C
PSLV-CA (Core Alone) 2(0) 2(0) - -
PSLC-XL-C 1(0) - 1(0) -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Soyuz/Molniya (R-7) Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Soyuz-U (Progress) 4(0) 4(0) - -
Soyuz-U (Kosmos) 1(0) 1(0) - -
Soyuz-FG/Fregat 1(0) - 1(0) -
Soyuz-FG/Soyuz (M) 2(0) 2(0) - -
Soyuz-2-1a/Fregat
Soyuz-2-1b 1(0) 1(0) - -
Molniya-M 1(0) - 1(0) -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Space Shuttle (STS) Details
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Discovery (OV-103) 1(0) 1(0) - -
Atlantis (OV-104) 1(0) 1(0) - -
Endeavour (OV-105) 2(0) 2(0) - -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Zenit Details
------------------------------------------------------------------
Zenit 3SL/DMSL 5(0) - 5(0) -
Zenit 3SLB/DMSLB 1(1) - 1(1) -
-----------------------------------------------------------------
=========================================================
YEAR TO DATE LAUNCH SITE SUMMARY
Launch sites, ranked by number of year-to-date orbital
launch attempts.
=========================================================
Site Overall
Launches
(Failures)
=========================================================
Baikonur, Kazakhstan 19(2)
Kourou, French Guyana 6(0)
Plesetsk, Russia 6(0)
Sea Launch LP Odyssey (POR) 5(0)
Kennedy Space Center, Florida 4(0)
XiChang, China 4(0)
Vandenberg AFB, California 4(0)
Taiyaun, China 4(0)
Kwajalein, RMI 4(1)
Cape Canaveral, Florida 3(0)
Sriharikota, India 3(0)
Jiuquan, China 3(0)
Tanegashima, Japan 1(0)
Kapustin Yar, Russia 1(0)
Dombarovsky, Russia 1(0)
Wallops Island, VA
Palmachim, Israel
Kagoshima, Japan
Svobodny, Russia
Barents Sea (Sub Launched)
=========================================================
Launch Vehicle by Success Rate
================================================================
SPACE LAUNCH REPORT
ACTIVE LAUNCH VEHICLE RELIABILITY STATISTICS
================================================================
by Ed Kyle as of December 25, 2008
================================================================
Top active space launch vehicles ranked by their predicted
orbital success rate*. Failures include incorrect orbits.
================================================================
Vehicle Successes/Tries Realzd Pred Consc. Last Dates
Rate Rate* Succes Fail
================================================================
Tsyklon 2 104 105 .99 .98 92 4/25/73 1967-
Delta 2 137 139 .99 .98 84 1/17/97 1989-
STS 122 124 .98 .98 11(A) 2/1/03 1981-
Soyuz-U 720 740 .97 .97 37 10/15/02 1973-
CZ-4(A/B/C) 17 17 1.00 .95 17 None 1988-
Kosmos 3M 421 444 .95 .95 20 11/20/00 1964-
Soyuz-FG 16 16 1.00 .94 16 None 2001-
CZ-2(C)(/SD/SM) 30 31 .97 .94 30 11/5/74 1974-
Molniya M 276 295 .94 .93 3 6/21/05 1963-
Proton-K/DM-2M 40 42 .95 .93 7 11/25/02 1994-
Tsyklon 3 113 121 .93 .93 0 12/24/04 1977-
Proton-K/DM-2 99 107 .93 .92 13 10/27/99 1982-
CZ-2D 10 10 1.00 .92 10 None 1993-
Soyuz FG/Fregat 9 9 1.00 .91 9 None 2003-
Ariane 5-ECA 16 17 .94 .89 16 12/11/02 2002-
CZ-2F 7 7 1.00 .89 7 None 1999-
Minotaur 1 7 7 1.00 .89 7 None 2000-
Proton-K/17S40 6 6 1.00 .88 6 None 1997-
Delta IV-M 6 6 1.00 .88 6 None 2002-
H-2A 13 14 .93 .88 8 11/29/03 2001-
Atlas 5 13 14 .93 .88 4 6/15/07 2002-
Proton-K 26 29+ .90 .87 9 11/29/86 1968-
Zenit 3SL/DMSL 26 29 .90 .87 5 1/30/07 1999-
CZ-3/3A 26 29 .90 .87 16 8/18/96 1984-
Dnepr 11 12 .92 .86 5 7/26/06 1999-
CZ-3B/3C 11 12 .92 .86 11 1996 1996-
Pegasus (H/XL) 35 40 .88 .86 26 11/4/96 1991-
Proton-M/Briz-M 23 26 .88 .86 4 03/14/08 2001-
Ariane 5G(+,S) 21 24 .88 .85 14 7/12/01 1996-
Soyuz-U/Fregat 4 4 1.00 .83 4 None 2000-
Proton-M/DM-2 3 3 1.00 .83 3 None 2007-
Rokot/Briz/K(M) 9 10 .90 .83 2 10/8/05 1994-
PSLV 12 14 .86 .81 10 9/29/97 1993-
START(-1) 6 7 .86 .78 5 3/28/95 1993-
Taurus (XL) 6 7 .86 .78 1 9/21/01 1994-
Zenit 2(M) 29 37 .78 .77 6 9/9/98 1985-
Soyuz 2-1a/Fregat 2 2# 1.00 .75 2 None 2006-
Shtil' 2 2 1.00 .75 2 None 1998-
Ariane 5ES 1 1 1.00 .67 1 None 2008-
Soyuz 2-1b/Fregat 1 1 1.00 .67 1 None 2006-
Soyuz 2-1b 1 1 1.00 .67 1 None 2008-
Shavit(-1) 5 8 .63 .60 1 9/6/04 1988-
Delta IV-H 1 2 .50 .50 1 12/21/04 2004-
GSLV 2 5 .40 .43 0 9/2/07 2001-
Falcon 1 1 4 .25 .33 1 8/3/08 2006-
Zenit 3SLB/DMSLB 0 1 .00 .33 0(B) 4/28/08 2008-
Volna 0 1 .00 .33 0 6/21/05 2005-
================================================================
* First level Bayesian estimate of mean predicted probability
of success for next launch attempt (k+1)/(n+2) where k is the
number of successful events and n is the number of trials.
# Does not include one successful suborbital Soyuz 2-1a test
flight performed in 2004.
+ Does not include one successful suborbital Proton-K test flight
performed in 1970.
(A) 2003 STS-107 Columbia failure during reentry result of
damage suffered during launch phase.
(B) Amos-3 inserted in orbit with 1,500 km short perigee and
0.7 deg unplanned inclination. Amos 3 reportedly lost two
to three years of 18 year design life.
================================================================
===============================================================
SPACE LAUNCH REPORT
RECENTLY RETIRED LAUNCH VEHICLE RELIABILITY STATISTICS
================================================================
by Ed Kyle as of January 9, 2009
================================================================
Recently retired space launch vehicles ranked by
their predicted orbital success rate*. Failures include
incorrect orbits.
================================================================
Vehicle Successes/Tries Realzd Pred Consc. Last Dates
Rate Rate* Succes Fail
================================================================
Atlas 2/2AS 63 63 1.00 .98 63 None 1991-2004
Ariane 4 113 116 .97 .97 74 12/11/94 1988-2003
Titan 2 17 17# 1.00 .95 17 None 1964-2003
Atlas 3(A/B) 6 6 1.00 .88 6 None 2000-2005
Soyuz-U/Ikar 6 6 1.00 .88 6 None 1999-1999
Titan 4B 15 17 .88 .84 12 4/30/99 1997-2005
Titan 2(Star) 6 7% .86 .78 6 10/5/93 1964-2003
M-5 6 7 .86 .78 4 2/10/00 1997-2006
Proton-K/Briz-M 3 4 .75 .67 3 7/5/99 1999-2003
================================================================
#Includes 11 orbital Gemini Titan 2 and 6 Titan 23G missions.
%Seven Titan 23G flights that flew suborbital profiles with
Star 37 solid rocket motors providing the final orbital velocity
increment. The single failure listed here involved the Star 37
stage.
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2008 SPACE LAUNCH LOG
=========================================================================
SPACE LAUNCH REPORT
2008 ORBITAL/SUBORBITAL LAUNCH LOG
=========================================================================
by Ed Kyle as of December 25, 2008
=========================================================================
YEAR TO DATE ORBITAL SPACE LAUNCH LOG
DATE VEHICLE ID PAYLOAD MASS(t) SITE* ORBIT**
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
01/15/08 Zenit 3SL/DMSL SL36 Thuraya 3 5.17 PO OLP GTO
01/21/08 PSLV-CA (Core) C10 Tecsar(Polaris) 3.0 SR FLP LEO
01/28/08 Proton M/Briz M Express AM33 2.6 TB 200/39 GEO
02/05/08 Soyuz U 1730 Progress M-63 7.13 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
02/07/08 STS/Atlantis OV104 STS-122/ISS 1E 117.85 KC 39A LEO/ISS
02/11/08 Proton M/Briz M Thor 5 1.94 TB 200/39 GEO
02/23/08 H-2A/2024 F14 KIZUNA(WINDS) 2.7 TA Y1 GTO
03/09/08 Ariane 5-ES A528 ATV-1 Jules Verne (V181) 19.01 KO 3 LEO/ISS
03/11/08 STS/Endeavour OV105 STS-123/ISS-1J/A 118.95 KC 39A LEO/ISS
03/13/08 Atlas 5-411 AV006 NRO L-28 VA 3E EEO/M
03/14/08 Proton M/Briz M AMC 14 4.14 TB 200/39 [LEO] (1)
03/15/08 Delta 2-7925 D332 GPS 2R19 2.06 CC 17A MTO
03/19/08 Zenit 3SL/DMSL SL32 DirecTV 11 5.92 PO OLP GTO
03/27/08 Kosmos 3M SAR-Lupe 4 0.73 PL 132/1 LEO/S
04/08/08 Soyuz FG 1731 Soyuz TMA-12 7.2 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
04/14/08 Atlas 5-421 AV014 ICO G1 6.63 CC 41 GTO
04/16/08 Pegasus XL P39 C/NOFS 0.395 KW L1011 LEO
04/18/08 Ariane 5 ECA A529 VINASAT 1/StarOne C2 6.74 KO 3 GTO
04/25/08 CZ-3C CZ3C1 Tian Lian 1 3.0? XC 2 GTO
04/26/08 Soyuz FG/Fregat 1732 GIOVE B (ST-21) 0.5 TB 31/6 MEO
04/28/08 PSLV-CA C9 Cartosat 2A 0.768 SR SLP LEO/S
04/28/08 Zenit 3SLB/DMSLB LL1 Amos 3 1.25 TB 45/1 [GEO-] (2)
05/14/08 Soyuz U 1733 Progress M-64 (P29) 7.056 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
05/21/08 Zenit 3SL/DMSL SL30 Galaxy 18 4.642 PO OLP GTO
05/23/08 Rokot/Briz KM Gonets-M 2-4/Yubileyniy ~1.0 PL 133/3 LEO
05/27/08 CZ-4C CZ4-15 Feng Yun-3A 2.295 TY LEO/S
05/31/08 STS/Discovery OV103 STS-124/ISS-1J (Kibo) 119.19 KC 39A LEO/ISS
06/09/08 CZ-3B CZ3B10 Chinasat 9 4.5 XC 2 GTO
06/11/08 Delta 2-7920H D333 GLAST 3.37 CC 17B LEO
06/12/08 Ariane 5 ECA A540 V183/Skynet5C/Turksat3A 7.75 KO 3 GTO
06/19/08 Kosmos 3M 6xOrbcomm/Ugatusat 0.5 KY 107 LEO
06/20/08 Delta 2-7320 D334 Jason 2 0.506 VA 2W LEO
06/26/08 Proton-K/DM-2 Kosmos 2440 (Prognoz 11) TB 81/24 GEO
07/07/08 Ariane 5 ECA A541 V184/ProtoStar 1/BADR 6 7.537 KO 3 GTO
07/16/08 Zenit 3SL/DMSL SL34 EchoStar 11 5.511 POR GTO
07/22/08 Kosmos 3M SAR-Lupe 5 0.77 PL 132/1 LEO/S
07/26/08 Soyuz-2.1b 1734 Kosmos 2441 (Persona 1) PL 43/4 LEO/S
08/03/08 Falcon 1 F1-3 Jumpstart/PreSat/Nanosail 0.17 KW OM [FTO] (3)
08/14/08 Ariane 5 ECA A542 V185/Superbird 7/AMC 21 7.27 KO 3 GTO
08/18/08 Proton M/Briz M Inmarsat 4-F3 5.96 TB 200/39 GTO
08/29/08 Dnepr 5xRapidEye 0.75 TB 109/95 LEO/S
09/06/08 CZ-2C CZ2C30 HJ-1A, HJ-1B TY LEO/S
09/06/08 Delta 2-7420 D335 GeoEye 1 1.923 VA 2W LEO/S
09/10/08 Soyuz-U 1735 Progress M-65 (P30) 7.1 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
09/19/08 Proton M/Briz M Nimiq 4 4.85 TB 200/39 GTO+
09/24/08 Zenit 3SL/DMSL SL35 Galaxy 19 4.69 PO OLP GTO+
09/25/08 Proton M/DM-2 3xGlonass-M 4.25 TB 81/24 MEO
09/25/08 CZ-2F CZ2F7 Shenzhou 7 7.84 JQ 4R LEO
09/28/08 Falcon 1 F1-4 Dummysat (Ratsat) 0.165 KW OM LEO (4)
10/01/08 Dnepr THEOS 0.715 DO LEO/S
10/12/08 Soyuz-FG 1736 Soyuz TMA-13 7.2 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
10/19/08 Pegasus XL P40 Star 27/IBEX 0.462 KW LEO
10/22/08 PSLV-XL C11 Chandrayaan 1 1.38 SR SLP EEO (5)
10/25/08 CZ-4B CZ416 SJ-6E/SJ-6F 2.4 TY 2 LEO/S (6)
10/25/08 Delta 2-7420-10 D336 Cosmo/Skymed 3 1.90 VA 2W LEO/S
10/29/08 CZ-3B CZ3B11 Simon Bolivar 5.1 XC 2 GTO
11/05/08 CZ-2D CZ2D9 Shiyan 3/Chuangxin 1-02 JQ 4L LEO/S
11/05/08 Proton M/Briz M Astra 1M 5.32 TB 200/39 GTO
11/14/08 Soyuz-U 1737 Kosmos 2445 (Kobol't-M) PL 16/2 LEO
11/15/08 STS/Endeavour OV105 STS-126/ULF-2 116.50 KC 39A LEO/ISS
11/26/08 Soyuz U 1738 Progress M-1M 7.29 TB 1/5 LEO/ISS
12/01/08 CZ-2D CZ2D10 Yaogan 4 JQ 4L LEO/S
12/02/08 Molniya M 1739 Kosmos 2446 (Oko-2) PL 16/2 EEO/M
12/10/08 Proton M/Briz M Ceil 2 5.56 TB 200/39 GTO
12/15/08 CZ-4B CZ417 Yaogan 5 2.2? TY 2 LEO/S
12/20/08 Ariane 5-ECA A543 V186/Hotbird9/W2M 8.34 KO 3 GTO
12/23/08 CZ-3A CZ3A16 Feng Yun 2-06 1.39 XC 3 GTO
12/25/08 Proton M/DM-2 3xGlonass-M 4.25 TB 81/24 MEO
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Briz M failure during second of three planned burns stranded AMC-14 in LEO.
(2) Amos-3 in 34,225 x 39,368 km x 0.72 deg orbit, expected 35,786 x 39,092 km x 0.0 deg.
Shortfall of roughly 75 m/s reportedly cost Amos-3 2-3 years of 18 year design life.
Problem caused by "programming error".
(3) Failed to Orbit. First stage recontacted second stage at staging due to unexpected
Merlin 1C residual thrust.
(4) First SpaceX Falcon 1 success. Reported 330 x 650 km x 9 deg initial orbit.
Second stage restarted to 621 x 643 km x 9.35 deg orbit.
(5) India's first lunar mission. First PSLV-XL with stretched strap-on boosters.
(6) First use of new launch pad.
==================================================================================
YEAR TO DATE MAJOR SUBORBITAL LAUNCH LOG
Suborbital Launches Using Booster Hardware Also Used
for Orbital Launches
==================================================================================
DATE VEHICLE ID PAYLOAD MASS(t) SITE* ORBIT**
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
02/04/08 Safir IRILV Shahab 3C suborbit test SE SUB (0)
04/02/08 Minuteman 3 GT 196GM ICBM Test VA LF09 SUB (1)
05/22/08 Minuteman 3 GT 197GM ICBM Test VA LF10 SUB (2)
08/01/08 R-29R (Volna) SLBM Test BA SUB (3)
08/13/08 Minuteman 3 ICBM Test VA SUB (1)
08/16/08 Safir IRILV Omid Dummysat? SE FSO (4)
08/22/08 ALV X-1 X1-1 Hybolt/Soarex WI 0-B FSO (5)
08/28/08 RS-12M (Topol) ICBM Test PL SUB (6)
09/18/08 Bulava SLBM Test WH FSO (7)
09/24/08 Minotaur 2+ TLV (NFIRE 2B) VA SUB (8)
10/11/08 R-29RMU (Sineva) SLBM Test BA SUB (9)
10/12/08 RS-12M (Topol) ICBM Test PL SUB (10)
10/12/08 R-29RM SLBM Test BA SUB (10)
10/12/08 R-29R (Volna) SLBM Test OK SUB (10)
10/22/08 UR-100NUTTH (RS-18) ICBM Test TB SUB (11)
11/05/08 Minuteman 3 ICBM Test VA SUB (12)
11/26/08 RS-24 (Topol-M/MIRV) 03 ICBM Test PL SUB (6)
11/26/08 Unknown Solid Rocket Kavoshgar 2 SE SUB (13)
11/28/08 Bulava SLBM Test WH SUB (14)
12/05/08 OBV OBV-7 GBI FTG-05 VA SUB (15)
12/23/08 Bulava SLBM Test WH FSO (16)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(0) Test of Iran's Safir launch vehicle. Some claim test failed at staging at 90 sec.
(1) ICBM test to Kwajalein Atoll. 08:01 UTC launch time.
(2) ICBM extended range test to target area 426 km SW of Guam. 10:04 UTC launch time.
(3) Launched from submerged submarine in Barents Sea to Kura test site.
(4) Uncertain if this was an Iranian satellite orbital launch attempt or a suborbital
test flight. Safir IRILV consists of two liquid stages with a possible small
third kick stage that may or may not have flown on this flight. At any rate, a
failure occurred during second stage flight, according to U.S. Navy observers.
Safir's first stage is based on Iran's Shahab-3 IRBM, which is based on North
Korea's Nodong missile.
(5) First and only flight of ATK's ALV X-1 two-stage solid motor launch vehicle.
ALV X-1 veered south out of the azimuth safety limits, causing the flight to
be terminated by range safety about 27 seconds after liftoff. ALV X-1 consisted
of an Orion 50S type first stage and a Star 37FMV second stage.
(6) ICBM test from Plesetsk to Kamchatka.
(7) Bus failed to separate warheads after good three-stage flight.
(8) Modified Minuteman 2 flown as imaging target for NFIRE satellite. A Minotaur 2+
also identified as "Chimera".
(9) 11,500 km long-range test to Pacific equator.
(10) Part of Stabil'nost'-2008 military exercise
(11) Test of 31 year old SS-19/RS-18/UR-100NUTTH ICBM to Kura in Kamchatka
(12) Operational test to Kwajalein Atoll.
(13) Suborbital Iranian test flight, payload recovered by parachute after 40 minutes
(14) Successful Bulava SLBM test from Dmitry Donskoi in White Sea to Kamchatka
(15) Intercepted target launched from Alaska
(16) Failed Bulava SLBM test from Dmitry Donskoi in White Sea. Failed after Stg 1
separation (some sources say Stg 3 malfunction).
=================================================================================
*Site Code:
BA = Barents Sea (Sub Launch), Russia
CC = Cape Canaveral, FL, USA
DO = Dombarovsky, Russia
FLP = First Launch Pad
JQ = Ji Quan, China
KA = Kagoshima, Japan
KC = Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA
KO = Kourou, French Guyana
KW = Kwajalein, Marshall Is.
KY = Kapustin Yar, Russia
MU = Musudan-ri North Korea
NP = North Pole Submarine Launch
OK = Sea of Okhotsk
OLP = Odyssey Launch Platform
PA = Palamchima, Isreal
PL = Plesetsk Northern Cosmodrome, Russia
PO = Pacific Ocean (154W-0N for Sea Launch)
SE = Semnan, Iran in Dasht-e-Kavir Desert
SR = Satish Dhawan Space Center, Sriharikota, India
SLP = Second Launch Pad
TA = Tanageshima, Japan
TB = Tyuratam/Baikonur, Kazakstahn
TY = Taiyuan, China
WH = White Sea (Sub Launch), Russia
WI = Wallops Island
XC = Xi Chang, China
VA = Vandenberg AFB, CA, USA
YO = Yoshinobu Launch Pad
**Orbit Code:
EEO/M = Molynia (12-hr) Elliptical Earth Orbit
FTO = Failed to Orbit
FSO = Failed Suborbital
GTO = Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit
GTO+ = Supersynchronous or High Perigee Transfer Orbit
GTO- = Subsynchronous Transfer Orbit
GEO = Geosynchronous Orbit
HCO = Heliocentric (solar) Orbit
HTO = High Earth Transfer Orbit
LEO = Low Earth Orbit
LEO/S = Sun Synchronous Low Earth Orbit
LEO/P = Polar Low Earth Orbit
MEO = Medium Earth Orbit
MTO = Medium Earth Transfer Orbit
SUB = Suborbital
=========================================================================
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